Thursday, May 8, 2025
Blog Page 1539

Time to dispel the immigration myth

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If you’ve ever opened a tabloid newspaper for the purpose of instruction, you would have encountered a battery of home truths about immigration. You usually hear these views bleated by the more moronic members of the audience on Question Time, but in such cash-strapped times they are becoming more commonly held.

Immigrants both scrounge for benefits and steal jobs. They hoard social housing and also build houses. They both erode communities and furnish our dinner tables with their food. They spread disease and form our army of nurses and overnight doctors.

The latest furore is over the accession of Romania and Bulgaria to the European Union on 1st January 2014. Transitional controls will be lifted, emancipating the Slavic masses to scramble for the English Channel like sperm to an egg. As the argument goes: unless we batten down the hatches, our social infrastructure will implode.

Never mind same-sex hospital wards – it’ll soon be three to a bed. We’d have to start cling- ing onto the trains as they do in India. We’ll be- come sardines packed in tins, like it is for the British ex-pats choosing to live in those ghastly monolithic skyscrapers along the Benidorm coastline.

Importantly, government research finds that migrants have a much lower uptake of both in-work and out-of-work benefits than the national average. They take home lower wages and are under-represented in social housing.

In 2008, a House of Lords Select Committee reported that immigration overall had a net benefit to national income, which in theory means there should be no strain on resources.

Yet immigration does have acutely negative effects for some groups in society, particularly those in low-paid and unskilled occupations.

We should not handicap ourselves in the name of protecting this group. It is much better to understand, improve and harness the qualities they have. Immigrants should not be their easy scapegoat.

The surplus generated by immigration needs to be invested to build the social infra- structure for a larger population. That means more houses, trains, schools and hospital beds.

It may well be the case that we are reaching the optimum population for a country of our size and resources. The government is therefore right to focus on the fewer but more skilled people who want to come to Britain.

However, another argument for entirely pulling up the drawbridge centres on the cul- tural impact of immigration. Integration is a legitimate concern associated with the effects of rapid mass migration. It is somewhat natu- ral for new citizens in a country to coalesce in areas populated with people of similar origin: Poles in East Anglia; Bangladeshis in Tower Hamlets; Britons in Alicante.

This is problematic. While these areas are the gratifying wellsprings of multicultural- ism, they can isolate those who lived in these communities before, prompting the stock cliché that they “feel like a foreigner in my own country.” It is an issue to the extent that communities feel divided along linguistic and cul- tural lines. As the natives flee, ghettos and polarisation result, leading to the palpable sense of disunity that you see in many areas of the country today.

If we can consciously build a parasol of strong values under which the individual cultures of local communities reside then we have the basis for a strong nation in the 21st century.

The Olympics were important and timely for the country in this regard. Many were euphoric when Mo Farah, a Somali refugee, won two long-distance golds. He embodied the common, somewhat Protestant, values of hard work, dedication, kindness and respect for others. Hostilities rightfully crumble when people realise their shared values and discount their ephemeral differences.

We devour Indian cuisine and imbibe Russian alcohols; we embrace mass-produced Chinese tat and Swedish flatpack furniture. Being a small wet rock surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean has made it expedient to be open to trade – and by extension different cultures, ideas and dispositions – right through the ages.

There are few more open-minded, tolerant and civilised nations on Earth than Britain. But we’re also a nostalgic people, one that looks proudly on its past achievements: industry, language, our rule of law, not to mention codifying most of the world’s important sports whilst being hopeless at them. Rapid change and scapegoating fuelled by a populist media can lead to hostility and escapism, which are not natural to the British character.

We’re a country equipped for the future, with a people that can speak most of the world’s languages. Britain is expected to be Europe’s largest economy in 2050 mostly because of population growth from immigration.

From someone who has Nordic, African and Spanish heritage, I hope the national debate starts to trumpet the good aspects of immigration, places its many challenges in a more realistic context and remembers that homo sapiens are a nomadic species with no natural monopoly on any part of the world’s land.

Preview: Arcadia

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Tom Stoppard’s Arcadia has a wide following that holds it up as one of the prime delights of contemporary dramatic writing, taking an innovative idea of juxtaposing two time periods within the same room of “Sidley Park” to think about ideas of causality and historical interpretation. This play will last, say the critics! So, with this pressure how does St. Hilda’s Drama Society latest theatrical offering fare? Pretty well, I believe.

The play is notable for its difficult combination of the intellectual and the human – theoretical physics and scandal in the same line, that kind of thing! – and the cast seem to have the right idea of how to deal with these different modes. It is to be “character-driven”, articulating the fraught emotional conflicts with the ideas as a kind of top layering to stimulate in a quite different way. This is all fine if the energy is high and the tension maintained, which it largely was, though in a particularly cerebral scene of talk about chaos theory and iteration, anyone could be forgiven for a slight lapse.

The opening scene was especially strong, as tutor Septimus explains to the naïve Thomasina the nature of “carnal embrace”. The witty repartee was carried by Jonnie Griffiths (Septimus) and Alice Gray (Thomasina) with ease, and the performance of Thomasina’s sharpness and liveliness was particularly engaging. On the other hand, the later entry of Ezra Chater to accuse Septimus of “carnally embracing” his wife (I wonder if that phrase ever really was used…?) in the gazebo (of all places). Chater was convincingly enraged, but the conflict seemed too quickly resolved as Chater and Septimus sit side-by-side – a certain bumbling susceptibility to manipulation did not come across, so the reasoning did not seem entirely there.

The overall aesthetic is to juxtapose lavish Victorian period costume and antique furniture with the simplicity of the modern day. Objects will accumulate from both periods on the central table of the set – as much a dialogue between the two periods as the historical investigations that dominate the modern day story and as the sudden flow of characters onto the stage during the last scene from both these different moments in time simultaneously.

As it is the play is reaching towards a polished state, promising both thought and laughter, should all go well before next week’s opening night – one to keep an eye on!

5 Minute Tute: Localism

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What is localism?
In Switzerland, the national legislature convenes for 30-40 days a year. It is a citizen legislature; there is no political class, as such. Why? Because power is devolved to the Swiss cantons – that’s what localism is all about; decision-makers being rooted in their communities. Making decisions amidst the people who are most affected by them doesn’t just amount to common sense. It’s makes for good government too.

Is the British political system ‘local’?
No. We have the most over-centralised political system in the Western world. Local government raises less of revenue as a proportion of the state than any other government except Malta. To take an example, Liverpool need to take a bill through Parliament to ban smoking in public places. Decisions that in America or Western Europe would be taken in a town hall meeting are, here, taken by a Whitehall bureaucrat.

Why is the system so centralised?
Good question. Partly it’s about job security. In Europe, whatever views new MEPs had before they got to Brussels, they change as soon as they get their teeth around the teat of the expenses system. They don’t even realise it, but they subliminally switch all their opinions to suit what you happen to do for a living. Then there are the big corporations. They have huge lobbying organisations in Brussels; they’re brought into the system and benefit from the way they can change it from the inside. Big firms can afford the compliance costs of EU regulation; ‘Big Pharma’ is a classic example.

Is localism a conservative cause?
Frequently, but not always. The Left tends to trust the state more. They’re more comfortable with the idea of it making decisions for others and spending their money. There is a correlation between welfare spending and centralisation. But the Right in Britain has made the same mistakes. Thatcher was a good example of someone who got it wrong on localism: instead of making local authorities more accountable to voters, she got involved in rate-capping and so on.

Is the Coalition government a ‘localist’ one?
I like some of what they’re doing. Police and Crime Commissioners will be a very good thing once they get off the ground, but a lot of the candidates didn’t excite me this time. The party leaders didn’t push it either. They need to do more, no doubt.

Is university all about the curriculum vitae?

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Last week, I attended the Oxford Union debate entitled “This house believes that we are all feminists now”. Despite the rather clumsy wording of the motion, it was by all accounts an entertaining evening with some marvellous anecdotal moments from Michael Beloff QC. But the argument that made the most impact on me, funnily enough, had nothing to do with the debate at all. Indeed, in an understated, yet clear address, Rachel Johnson stated that while at Oxford, she was the archetype example of the over-ambitious, pushy undergraduate: the sort who gets involved in an endless raft of university societies and committees: the sort, she pointed out to the chamber, most people hoped would get their comeuppance once they left university.

Instead, she pointed out, the very opposite was the case. These same people ended up virtually running the show: they became today’s MPs, CEOs and Director-Generals, heading up the great private and public institutions of the country. 

Johnson’s remark was in substantiation of a wider point about feminism, but it got me thinking about why exactly we have come to university. The idealist in me would say it is all about enjoyment and fun: the last opportunity to revel in the relatively carefree life of a student, before plunging into the inevitable abyss of job-searching and tax. But another part of me, stirring admittedly in the face of internships and vacation schemes, feels that this idyllic model of university life is really a cruel trap, designed to catch the most naive undergraduates out. For in reality, the graduate job market is so competitive that only students with the very best credentials can hope to break in at the top level. This does not just mean a shiny 2:1 from Oxford either. In sharp contrast, you need to show “competencies” that apparently make you fit for the job. “Have you worked on a society at university?” “Were you in a key position of responsibility on a large committee?” are the crucial interview questions that require you to become the Rachel Johnson “pushy undergraduate” if ever you want to be one of her MPs or CEOs of tomorrow. But for this, you have to inevitably sacrifice a “normal” university experience: summer punting (at least in Oxford), frequenting the college bar and natural socialising that doesn’t include a society committee meeting. 

But if you want that “normal” life then beware, it seems. Countless graduates who did well in their exams, made lifelong friends and had a fantastic time at Oxford were met with a rude shock. The moment they tried applying for internships and jobs, no doubt with a sense of smugness at their academic credentials, they found themselves rejected by a system which demands a plateful of extra-curricular and competency activities that can only be attained through an endless roulette of university committees and societies.

We are, of course, living in tough economic times and it is only inevitable that the job market will get tougher and tougher to burst into. But there needs to be a concerted focus by government to make university not a time for mindless CV building, but one to truly relish and remember.

Focus on… the New Writing Festival

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The New Writing Festival taking place in 7th week at the Burton Taylor is set to showcase Oxford’s best writing talent from the twenty-nine entries received earlier this year. New Beginnings, Roost, Bad Faith and Closing Time are all written and directed by undergraduates, many of whom are freshers, looking to get original writing more attention than it has been awarded in recent years. New Writing? I hear you ask worriedly, not an established writer whose work has time and again been abused by Oxford’s thesps? Yes my friends.             

 “I think there’s much less interest in”, I am told by Isabella Anderson, Producer of the New Writing Festival, “which I think is quite unfair because it’s really exciting, and there’s so much scope for what you can do with it”. It is true, scope does not seem to be a problem amongst this year’s plays which have made it to the Burton Taylor; speaking to some of the writers and directors about what their plays are about, it quickly became apparent that none of them are lacking in ambition. Matthew Parvin, writer of Roost, which follows the story of an assistant director returning to his hometown, tells me that “there are chickens, there will be actual real chickens” on stage. While this is clearly risky, and I don’t know how it will ever work within the confines of the Burton Taylor, where under normal circumstances if you sit on the front row you are more than likely to get some thespian spit coming your way, the ambition is admirable. And perhaps this sense of ambition and willingness to try new things is something Oxford is missing. Charlotte Fraser, director of New Beginnings, would seem to think so: “there’s less experimental theatre [in Oxford]. That’s what I’ve found from working on New Beginnings, that it’s really quite different from a lot of established plays put on… it’s more interested in challenging the status quo”.

Whether this is true or not remains to be seen, but what is definitely true is that each play is very different to the next; New Beginnings is described by Fraser as a “funny portrait of the first day [of the main character’s] new school”, and the culmination of some sketches the writer, Dominic O’Keefe, began when he was fifteen and has since woven into a script. Closing Time, by Sam Ward, is about a midnight conversation had in an office one night and Bad Faith, by Matilda Curtis, is set in Oxford and charts the friendships and love affairs of it’s students “looking for something to believe in”. Whilst none of them sound outlandishly innovative, (chickens excepted), I can believe that there has been more emotional investment put into these productions than there would have been in re-workings of established scripts. Working with original writing also means that the director and writer are able to work together, and somewhat ironically puts “less sort of emphasis on the script, it’s not sacred”, according to Fraser.            

For those still cautious about splashing out £5 to see some new theatre, it may be worth noting that whilst there isn’t a lot, some of the original writing that does get to the Oxford theatres is pretty fantastic, such as They Will Be Red to name but one. What’s more, the four plays to be shown during the festival have been picked from a large number, and the best production will be judged by West End Producer Thelma Holt, so these scripts are likely to be the best Oxford’s new writers have to offer. Should you take a chance? Sure, just don’t sit too near the front row in Roost.

Preview: The Cherry Orchard

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I am a complete stranger to Chekhov, and to Russian literature in general. It was with some apprehension that I arrived in the Oxford Union to review The Cherry Orchard; I did not really know what to expect. Within minutes, however, I was perched on the edge of my seat, eagerly studying the spectacle that directors Melissa Purkiss and Aurora Dawson-Hunte had prepared for my viewing pleasure. Even as a work in progress, this is an extremely accomplished production, notable for an incredible attention to detail and performances of remarkable versatility.

The most striking feature of this staging of The Cherry Orchard is the density of emotion it crams into every moment. The theme of cultural futility of both the Russian bourgeoisie and aristocracy is at the core of Chekhov’s seminal work, and the audience is treated to a smorgasbord of diverse viewpoints and biases on that issue from each character. Every line spoken provoked a complex, sustained, and distinctive response from every other performer on stage. As the cast warmed up, they began to resemble a fascinating hydra, so that wherever one chose to cast one’s eyes, something interesting was always going on. I have never seen anything quite like it. As “eternal student” Trofimov (Ben Dawes) rants about the hypocrisy of the intelligentsia’s empty talk, witness genial landowner Lyubov’s (Fiona Johnston) embarrassed discomfort alongside the utter disinterest of the servant Firs (Luke Howarth), their mild reactions beautifully juxtaposed with the slightly exaggerated comic puzzlement of the elderly Gayev (Will Law). As I watched Purkiss and Dawson-Hunte deliver their notes after the press preview ended, I understood how such nuance was achieved – each of them has a clear directorial vision for the way they intend every second of every scene to play out, and instruct their actors accordingly so as to prevent any breaks in the audience’s reverie.

As a collective, The Cherry Orchard astounds, but this is not at the expense of individual showmanship. The pillar at the core of the entire production is Johnston’s matriarch, and what a pillar she is – I watched, riveted, as she went from doddering, clueless aristocrat to bereaved mother mourning her child all within the short span of one speech. Patrick Edmond’s Lopahkin manages the tricky task of juggling gravitas and absurdity, and the older characters as played by Law and Howarth shine as caricatures that also come across as completely convincing. The high standard of acting is definitely one of this play’s strongest points; almost every member of the cast is uniformly strong in their own right, and owns their time on stage with confidence and verve.

There were some slight hiccups that marred an otherwise excellent preview; at the beginning, pacing seemed a little patchy, and actors took a while before they began to properly bounce off each other. Nonetheless, for a play two weeks before opening night, this is a piece of art that already shows remarkable polish. I can’t guarantee that The Cherry Orchard will be a showstopper come seventh week. I would, however, be willing to wager a lot of money on it.

Schwitter and Degenerate Art

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Schwitters in Britain is a fascinating presentation of the life and works (in that order) of Kurt Schwitters, a German refugee from the Nazis and champion of Dadaism in Europe.

Schwitters was primarily known for his alternately playful and self-reflexive collages, into which he compiled fragments of paper, card or fabric, and even included ‘found’ objects such as skittles, pegs or blocks of wood. Despite his unusual medium, Schwitters insisted on referring to himself as a ‘painter’. He averred that the artist “creates through the choice, distribution and metamorphosis of the materials.” It was this attitude that acted as the founding principle of his artistic movement: ‘Merz’, named after a fragment of a longer phrase that was pasted into one of his early ‘Merz’ paintings.

Tate Britain’s exhibition focuses on the years after Schwitters’ maturation. After practicing for the best part of twenty years in Germany, Schwitters’ work was condemned by the Nazi party and exhibited in their infamous 1937 exhibition of ‘Degenerate Art’. Schwitters fled to the UK in 1940, where he spent eighteen months interred on the Isle of Man. Release from the camp was eventually secured and Schwitters went on to exhibit in the UK alongside fellow avant-garde artists and also in one solo exhibition in 1944.

Although gaining some critical recognition, he was unable to sustain himself financially and spent his last few years in the Lake District painting portraits to commission and using funds provided by MOMA of New York to build a Merz installation in his home.

Schwitters’ work – the curators would have us understand – is fundamentally bound up in his biography. The collages incorporate objects and materials picked up as Schwitters moved across countries both physically and imaginatively.

However, this emphatically historical approach serves to bring to light a rather touching aspect of Schwitters’ work: his unfailing wit and optimism in the face of astoundingly adverse circumstances. This is apparent early on in his playful take on constructivism in Picture 1926, in which a slightly askew wooden pink block breaks the geometrically worked out composition of the rest of the frame. It is again apparent in collages of images of food and sweet wrappers in response to the strict rationing of the wartime.

His humour is evident in his collage overlays of other artist’s work, including a piece titled ‘This was before H.R.H the late DUKE OF CLARENCE & AVONDALE. Now it is a Merz picture. Sorry!’ It consists of a photographic reproduction of a portrait pasted over with a couple of ‘Merz’ materials.

Schwitters’ continually and consistently responded to his intellectual and social context with well placed irony, a quality that recommends his art in itself.

In all, this constituted a fascinating exploration of an interesting artist’s biography, but it is not the place to be convinced of Schwitters’ technical mastery. Though the exhibition may be at times too historically focused, I would not hesitate to recommend it. 

Preview: The Laramie Project

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Theatre owes much of its beauty to its many possibilities and the power that each can hold. The Laramie Project seems to be one of those productions aiming to take full advantage of this beauty, and it certainly has the potential to. With more of a documentary feel to it than a piece of drama, the play follows the aftermath of the real-life 1998 murder of Wyoming student Matthew Shepard, victim of a gay hate crime. The play’s writer, Moisés Kaufman, who features in it, travelled to the town of Laramie shortly after the killing with his theatre company, and together they recorded over two hundred interviews. The play consists of these interviews with Laramie residents, from the barista in the local coffee shop, to the Baptist minister who supported homophobic protests at Shepard’s funeral.

Most productions of The Laramie Project use a simple, almost non-existent, stage. Actors sit on stools and take it in turns to talk. Instead, the directors of this Oxford production seem keen to introduce more movement and character interaction into the play, along with some unusual ideas to make the audience feel more involved, and a plan to perform the play with “reverse staging” where it is the actors who occupy the raked seating.

Whether all this might just be the directors being overly keen to use artistic licence on a play which ordinarily gives little room for it remains to be seen, but one suspects that this two-hour performance will be carried by its actors regardless. The play features an incredible sixty characters being played by eight members, which would be a challenge for any thespian, yet the characterisation is impressive. Characters quickly came across as well-structured, multi-layered, and very believable. Nevertheless, distinguishing between individuals in a play where dialogue moves swiftly from one to another and the small-town accents are often similar may be difficult, and it will be interesting to see how the company will aid the audience in this, particularly visually.

Kaufman wrote the play in order to show the true values of the town of Laramie. Verbatim theatre can feel hectoring and overly dependent on direct address sometimes. If the actors perform with as much friendliness as they did in the preview, The Laramie Project will more likely feel like a discussion to which we are invited into. Make no mistake: it will be slick, well-performed, and intriguing; but this is an epic of a play and it is up to the cast and directors to ensure the audience remain involved and moved throughout.